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Safety, Tolerability, & Toxicology

Whether you are developing a new chemical entity, reformulating a marketed product, or advancing a novel drug delivery system, early evaluation of ocular safety, tolerability, and toxicology is essential prior to definitive GLP studies.

 

Powered Research provides non-GLP preclinical ophthalmology CRO services, with validated protocols for assessing ocular toxicology and pharmacology, generating critical safety data to support ocular drug development.

 

Our ocular tolerability and safety studies are conducted in rodents, rabbits, and swine across multiple routes of administration and include standard and advanced toxicology endpoints. All ophthalmic exams are performed by a board-certified veterinary ophthalmologist, ensuring high-quality, reliable, and translational safety data.

Endpoints Include

  • Clinical Observations: cageside and detailed observations

  • Physiological Measurements: Body weight, food consumption

    • Slit lamp biomicroscopy with SPOTS or Hackett-McDonald scoring 

    • Indirect ophthalmoscopy conducted by a Board-Certified Veterinary Ophthalmologist

    • High-resolution imaging

    • Tonometry, Pupillometry, Pachymetry

    • Electrophysiology (ERG, OKT)

    • Fluorescein angiography

    • Optical coherence tomography

  • Pharmacokinetics: Systemic (plasma, serum)

  • Pathology: Necropsy with macroscopic observations, ocular histopathology

  • Immunohistochemisty/Immunofluorescence

Scientist Looking into a Microscope
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